How It Works
GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine:copper(II)) is a naturally occurring tripeptide-copper complex first identified in human plasma in 1973 by Dr. Loren Pickart. It is present in plasma, saliva, and urine, with plasma concentrations declining from approximately 200 ng/mL at age 20 to 80 ng/mL by age 60.
The peptide functions primarily through copper delivery and gene expression modulation. GHK-Cu stimulates collagen I and III synthesis, promotes glycosaminoglycan production, and activates metalloproteinases involved in tissue remodeling. Gene array studies have shown it modulates expression of over 4,000 human genes — upregulating genes associated with tissue repair and stem cell function while suppressing genes linked to inflammation and tissue destruction.
GHK-Cu also enhances angiogenesis, promotes nerve outgrowth, and has demonstrated antioxidant activity through superoxide dismutase induction. These combined mechanisms make it relevant for anti-aging, wound healing, and tissue regeneration applications.
Benefits
- Stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis — improved skin firmness and reduced wrinkles
- Accelerates wound healing and tissue repair in multiple study models
- Modulates over 4,000 genes — broad tissue remodeling and anti-inflammatory effects
- Promotes hair growth — thickening of hair follicles in topical studies
- Antioxidant activity — increases superoxide dismutase and other protective enzymes
- Supports bone and cartilage repair in preclinical research
Side Effects
- Very well-tolerated as a naturally occurring human peptide
- Injection site reactions — redness, swelling at injection site (common)
- Skin irritation — mild, with topical use in sensitive individuals
- Metallic taste — occasionally reported with injectable use
- Blue-green discoloration at injection site — due to copper content (transient)
- No systemic toxicity reported in published literature
Dosing Protocol
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Standard Dose (Injectable) | 1-2mg per injection |
| Frequency | Daily or every other day |
| Administration | Subcutaneous injection or topical application |
| Cycle Length | 4-8 weeks |
| Topical Use | 1-2% cream applied once or twice daily |
What You Will Need
- GHK-Cu lyophilized vial (typically 50mg) or topical cream/serum
- Bacteriostatic water (for reconstitution of injectable)
- Insulin syringes (1mL, 29-31ga)
- Alcohol swabs
- Sharps container